Advantages and disadvantages of weeding are; weed suppression and control, maximization of crop yield, conservation of fertility, erosion mitigation, pest and disease control, improved agricultural diversity, aesthetic benefits, space creation for crop growth, increases sunlight accessibility, and organic mulch production (Advantages)

Human impacts on the savanna are; influx of invasive species, land cover losses due to overgrazing, biodiversity loss to poaching, habitat shrinkage by urban encroachment, increased desertification rate, climate change and regional warming, land conversion for agriculture, increased erosion due to soil exposure, changes to natural dire regimes, and altered predator-prey dynamics.

Freshwater food chain comprises of producers like; coccolithophores, primary consumers like copoepods, secondary consumers like dragonfly nymphs, tertiary consumers like largemouth bass, and quaternary consumers like bald eagle.

Lake food chain is a linear ecological model that is made up of producers like duckweeds, primary consumers like copepods, secondary consumers like minnows, and tertiary consumers like ospreys.

Threats to the ocean are; overfishing, noise pollution, oil spillage, dumping of plastics and other solid wastes, industrial waste discharged, and unsustainable deep sea mining.

Food chain of the Atlantic Ocean is a linear hypothetical structure that comprises of producers like diatoms, primary consumers like krill, secondary consumers like corals, tertiary consumers like octopuses, and quaternary consumers like orcas.

Animals in the Benthic Zone include; corals, sponges, sea urchins, sea stars, polychaete worms, crabs, caddisfly larvae, Giant Pacific octopus. and leopard shark.

Benthic zone characteristics are; low temperature, high pressure, proximity to sedimentary substrate, significant depth, relatively high nutrient concentration, presence of specialized organisms and habitats, significant decomposition and detritivorous feeding processes, relatively low light intensity and photosynthesis.

Pelagic zone characteristics are; significant distance from coastal and benthic zones; presence of diverse specialized organisms, broad depth range, variable temperature and pressure, significant light availability, concentration of photosynthetic activity and oxygen production, as well as relative deficiency of nutrients.

Amazon Rainforest biotic factors are; autotrophs, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, decomposers, mutualism, commensalism, predation, and parasitism.