Science

Food chain of the Atlantic Ocean is a linear hypothetical structure that comprises of producers like diatoms, primary consumers like krill, secondary consumers like corals, tertiary consumers like octopuses, and quaternary consumers like orcas.

Animals in the Benthic Zone include; corals, sponges, sea urchins, sea stars, polychaete worms, crabs, caddisfly larvae, Giant Pacific octopus. and leopard shark.

Benthic zone characteristics are; low temperature, high pressure, proximity to sedimentary substrate, significant depth, relatively high nutrient concentration, presence of specialized organisms and habitats, significant decomposition and detritivorous feeding processes, relatively low light intensity and photosynthesis.

Pelagic zone characteristics are; significant distance from coastal and benthic zones; presence of diverse specialized organisms, broad depth range, variable temperature and pressure, significant light availability, concentration of photosynthetic activity and oxygen production, as well as relative deficiency of nutrients.

Amazon Rainforest biotic factors are; autotrophs, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, decomposers, mutualism, commensalism, predation, and parasitism.

Open ocean biotic factors are; autotrophs, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, decomposers, mutualism, parasitism, predation, and commensalism.

Atlantic Ocean biotic factors are; autotrophs like phytoplankton, herbivores like krill, carnivores like orca, omnivores like saltwater crabs, decomposers, mutualism, parasitism, and predation.

Congo Rainforest food chain is made up of producers like iroko, primary consumers like African pygmy squirrel, secondary consumers like Eastern chimpanzee, tertiary consumers like Congo Bay owl, and quaternary consumers like the African crowned eagle.

Animals in the Congo Rainforest are; Western Lowland Gorilla, African Forest Elephant, Okapi, African Palm Civet, Eastern Chimpanzee, African Crowned Eagle, African Clawed Frog, Red Colobus Monkey, Mandrill, Bonobo, and African Forest Buffalo.

Threats to coral reefs are; sea level alteration, unsustainable fishing, unfavorable salinity change, ocean pollution, excessive sedimentation, unsustainable coastal development, invasive species, disease outbreaks, increasing sea surface temperature, and physical damage from marine vessels or debris.